公共图书馆免费开放是维护社会信息公平,保障公民文化权利的工具和制度安排。文章对公共图书馆产品的公共性、供需的非均衡性、拥挤性等理论进行论述，分析公共图书馆免费运行的理论归因，从管理创新、多元投资、资源共享、公共精神等角度来建立公共图书馆免费开放运行机制。

This study takes the paper exchange column under blog channel on ScienceNet as research object, and designs research indicators system from the 5 aspects, altogether 44 specific indicators. The research results show that posts as new form of information resources not only contain plenty of traditional academic resource, but also cover relevant information which may help readers in understanding and absorbing traditional information resources. This trend should be aware of by libraries and information organizations.

This paper conduct online questionnaire survey and data statistic to analysis the diffusion of three innovations in Sichuan University Library: Offcampus Access System, Mobile Library Service System and Mail Notifying System. As innovation agent, the academic library should have scientific view on the diffusion of technical innovation, avoid the proinnovation bias and the tendency to blame person for failure to adopt innovation.

This paper briefly introduced the concept of the reader’sbehaviorbased management and relevant theoretic foundation, tried to set up the table of the behavioral attributes to analyze the key features and management rules for different types of reader, and focused on the optimization of the service’s process in library with readeroriented as well as their applications and test in practice.

In the age of digital media,the elder generation has been accustomed to transmitting some online information to the younger generation through WeChat,though they usually receive negative responses. Based on the Stressors-Strain-Outcome model,this paper tries to explore how the negative characteristics of online information transmitted by the elder generation influence the digital natives’ information avoidance behavior,and then identify the role of parent-child relationship in such information transmission. The structural equation model analysis shows that both low-credibility information sources and low-relevance content would trigger information fatigue of the younger generation,and lead to information avoidance,while the parent-child relationship could positively moderate the relationship between information fatigue and information avoidance behavior. And the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis shows that there are four configurations would trigger the high/low level of information avoidance behavior. Such a research could contribute to the optimization of online intergenerational information transmission.

王凯

Digital literacy gap is an important source of urban-rural digital divide. Developing digital literacy assessment tools for rural residents could facilitate relevant training and the coordinated development in urban and rural areas. This paper develops and verifies a scale applicable to the digital literacy assessment of rural residents in China. It creates an initial scale,conducts a random questionnaire survey,and performs the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The final verified scale consists of 21 items in five dimensions,including operational skills,information literacy,social communication,digital security and problem-solving.

As the next generation of integrated library system（ILS）enters a critical period,it is necessary to review the historical experience of ILS construction in universities from the perspective of technology history. This paper examines the development process of China's university integrated library management systems over the past forty years,and summarizes the background,selection process,and the effects and limitations of developing and implementing four sets of domestic and foreign integrated library systems in Jinan University Library from 1985 to 2022. The study shows that the starting point of Jinan University's ILS exploration is the same as the official development of the integrated library system in China;and like most university libraries,Jinan University Library has undergone several system changes. The paper suggests that system selection should be in line with the university's development orientation and user-centered,and proposes some strategies such as optimizing platform functions,emphasizing open design,focusing on quality control and pooling professional librarians' wisdom.

The paper takes some representative Chinese cultural intangible cultural heritages as the research object. By means of keyword analysis,sentiment analysis and co-occurrence network analysis,and with the help of the “cognitive-emotional-behavioral” framework model,it first extracts the data of YouTube users who have been attracted by intangible cultural heritage short videos,and then analyzes the cross-cultural transmission effect of such short videos from the perspectives of communication context,communication means and communication subjects. The result shows that the YouTube users’ cognitive image of intangible cultural heritage is mostly positive,with a high awareness of traditional skills,folk literature,traditional sports,recreation and acrobatics;their emotional perception is primarily neutral and positive,involving Chinese cuisine,family life and culture,and pristine natural environments;their behavioral effects are specifically presented as intention to share,intention to buy,intention to learn and intention to travel. Such could be inspiring for the cross-cultural transmission of Chinese intangible cultural heritages in the future.

In the digital transformation society,library is a transformative force for advancing cultural self-confidence and self-improvement,and the overall layout of digital China and the national cultural digitization strategy provide policy guidance for the library to open up a new prospect of high-quality development. Using the methods of literature review,practice survey,and content analysis,this article attempts to sort out the current situation and requirements for the high-quality development of library in the era of digital transformation,analyze the international policy orientation of library digital strategy,and propose a development path for China. The study indicates that the high-quality development of library in the era of digital transformation needs to meet the requirements of “people-centered” transformation and form an ecosystem that is open,intelligent,inclusive,and sharing;data empowerment,demand-driven,digital intelligence integration,value-led and innovation-driven are the important strategic directions of foreign libraries' digital strategies,which play a normative and guiding role in reshaping and integrating the core elements of high-quality development of library. To serve the vision of building a strong cultural nation,and to meet the requirements and expectations of the country,the people,the society,and the era,library should transform and renew itself in terms of system,concept,business format,and capacity under the overall layout of digital China.

This paper intends to explore Digital Humanities researches from the perspective of data intelligence empowerment,so as to provide some theoretical reference and path guidance for the development of Digital Humanities which is characterized by being “data-driven,technology-innovated and application-led”. Focusing on the three dimensions of Digital Humanities,i.e.,“data infrastructure”,“technical support” and “application scenarios”,it first makes an analysis of the data infrastructure and digital technology system of Digital Humanities,and then discusses the application scenarios and transformation of humanities. It is found out that the improvement of Digital Humanities data infrastructure and the flourishing development of digital technologies have promoted the modern transformation of traditional humanities such as literature,history,arts. Meanwhile,the development of Digital Humanities still faces many challenges,including the contradiction between the originality of academic researches and the homogenization of technical methods,the contradiction between humanities scholars' digital scholarly needs and their practical use,and the contradiction between the public welfare nature of Digital Humanities infrastructure and its sustainable development.

In the context of Metaverse,Metahumans are in full bloom. Their current development,similarities and differences,advantages and disadvantages,and future development direction have become our research hotspots. This paper intends to construct an evaluation model of Metahumans,so as to provide some suggestions for the future development of Metahumans. Firstly,based on the theory of the User Perceived Value,a multidimensional evaluation model of Metahumans is constructed. Secondly,some typical Metahumans are selected,relevant data are collected by means of text mining,and relevant indicators of Metahuman are scored from the perspective of users,so as to verify the feasibility of the model. Finally,a comparison is made among the typical Metahumans. The result shows that there are significant differences among current Metahumans;users have higher expectations for functional Metahumans;both super realistic technology and cartoon technology are welcomed by users;and the social value of functional Metahumans is more favored by users. In the future,we should do more to enhance the interactiveness of Metahumans and advance the application of Metahumans in knowledge services,and pay more attention to the legal rights and risks of hyper realistic Metahumans.

This article analyzes the entities of Codex and their relationships in terms of conceptual and data models,and compares the similarities and differences between Codex and BIBFRAME. On this basis,it identifies the functions offered by Codex in FOLIO,such as hierarchical description,data entanglement solution,collaborative entity management with EMA and metadata management. It systematically examines the cataloging scheme of FOLIO and the role of Codex in two aspects：cataloging rules,cataloging tools and processes.

With the development of digital technology,the forms and protection of heritage have changed,giving birth to a new form called "digital heritage". However,factors such as the replacement of digital carriers and the iteration of digital technology are accelerating the demise of digital information,leading to a serious long-term preservation crisis. The article reviews the content and evolution of digital heritage protection policies over the past 20 years since UNESCO issued the Charter on the Preservation of Digital Heritage in 2003. Grasping the core elements,it explores the development trend of digital heritage policies,with the aim of providing references for the long-term preservation of information in digital environments such as the metaverse and for the discovery of cultural heritage elements.

Research highlights,special texts with a promotional function that outline the research methods and conclusions of an academic paper,can facilitate the advancement of knowledge exchange and scientific innovation. Based on 564 paper highlights from the ScienceDirect database,this paper explores the internal and external characteristics of research highlights,analyzes its linguistic features by means of multidimensional analysis （MDA） method,elaborates on the differences between the linguistic features of highlights and abstracts,examines the relationship between the citations of papers and the linguistic features of highlights,and proposes some suggestions for highlight-writing. With the help of manual annotations,the paper identifies the topics of the highlights from an integrated and a categorized point of view respectively,using the LDA model and the VOSviewer tool. The results show that：highlights are generally more informative and non-narrative,with clearer expressions,less interactive and explicit persuasiveness,and a relatively high degree of objectivity and precision;highlights of highly cited papers tend to use more cardinal numbers,quantifiers,emphases and independent or coordinate clauses,demonstrating specific data and their correlation;highlights can be divided into method-based highlights,conclusion-based highlights and （to a lesser extent） other highlights,which indicate the key information of a scientific field,unfolding the innovative methods and focuses in the field.

Human-machine interaction based on intelligent voice is a frontier question raised in the field of artificial intelligence behavior analysis. This paper analyzes the influencing factors of intelligent voice interaction from the anthropomorphic perspective,so that intelligent voice developers can better understand the behavioral characteristics of intelligent voice interaction users,and promote the industrial development and scenario application of intelligent voice technology. From the anthropomorphic viewpoint,this paper develops an influencing factor model for the use of intelligent voice interaction,collects data through questionnaires,and has the model tested by means of structural equation method. It performs a configuration analysis on users’ behavior,using Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis method （fsQCA）. The study indicates that value-expectation,cost-expectation,social influence,facilitation of interaction and intelligent voice personification have a significant impact on the usage intention of intelligent voice interaction users,while cost-expectation has a negative impact. The above five variables affect the use of intelligent voice interaction through the intermediary variable of usage intention of intelligent voice interaction users;a conjoint analysis is conducted on two types of configurations,and the factors and paths that affect user’s behavior are comprehensively analyzed.

What are people talking about when it comes to metaverse? Are the topics relating to metaverse well defined? What are the connections and differences between the topics on the dimension of institutional attributes? Further analysis of the hot topics about metaverse is conducive to the thoughts on such issues. Based on the theory of informetrics,this paper uses LDA topic model to explore the similarities and differences of the connotation of metaverse topics between academia and industry in China. From a perspective of social subject analysis,it presents a focus map in the field of metaverse from the standpoint of "academia- industry-government",focusing on "research,application and governance",to illustrate the social hotspots in the metaverse. It highlights the three important challenges facing future metaverse,i.e. the impact of AIGC on the supply and demand sides of content production,the problems existing in the development of artificial intelligence ethics,and the possible ideas for China’s governance of metaverse ecology,trying to explore the potentials of the metaverse.

As a hotly debated topic in contemporary public library communities at home and abroad,transformation and development is a major theoretical and practical issue concerning whether public libraries can successfully meet the challenges of information technology and achieve sustainable development,as well as a call of our times that Chinese-style public library modernization should answer. This paper aims to explore the feasible pattern of the transformation and development at public libraries based on a case study of Guangzhou Library. It reviews the practice over the past ten years since the opening of the new Guangzhou Library,focusing on the library’s systematic cultural services,expanded public communication functions,intensive reading promotion programs,promotion of functional platform and knowledge services,enhanced management support and reform. The paper also analyzes the theoretical basis of “the third space”,social communication and information communication,and conducts performance evaluation of the transformation and development from five aspects,namely creating communication value,improving comprehensive service efficiency,enhancing traditional services,promoting publicity and reading,and demonstrating the value of the platform. Guangzhou Library’s experience in transformation and development has formed a feasible pattern：the direction is to offer cultural services and communication services in a broader sense;the main theoretical basis is “the third space” or the public space theory;the path is to implement a free,equal,open and inclusive service policy,and strengthen the communication function through service expansion on the basis of making full use of the new library’s architectural design;the service mode is to enrich service contents,enhance the public's library awareness,promote traditional library services and improve the comprehensive service efficiency through introducing cultural exchange and public communication activities,so as to make the library a public cultural center and a window of the city. Finally,the paper presents further thoughts on future transformation and development of public libraries and the Chinese path to public library modernization in terms of building a people-centered library,strengthening the functions of science and culture,continuously seeking the guidance of scientific theory,and sticking to the defining value of humanism.

This paper aims to deepen the researches on databases’ implementation of the FAIR principle,so as to lay a more solid foundation for the further development of scientific data management,and provide more supports for data opening in different disciplines. Through coding and recoding,it makes a textual analysis of the introductory texts of 11 Bioinformatics databases at home and abroad,focusing on their level of being findable,accessible,interoperable and reusable. The result shows that Bioinformatics databases’ implementation of the FAIR principle should be further improved,not only in their management,but also in their application. It is proposed that guided by the FAIR principle,more should be done to improve their standards of design and management and enrich their description of domain data,so as to realize the interconnection of various database platforms in the same discipline,and improve the level of data sharing as well.

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has set a new milestone for comprehensively promoting the building of a strong country and the rejuvenation of the nation with Chinese modernization. Public cultural services in the transition period from the 14th Five-Year Plan to the 15th Five-Year Plan should meet the structural,functional and quality challenges posed by the new era,new mission and high-quality development in the process of China’s modernization. After nearly two decades of exploration and development,public cultural services have accumulated the advantages of cultural hardware,software,ecology and carrier in response to Chinese modernization in terms of breadth,thickness,height and novelty. Guided by the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee,the development of public cultural services in the 15th Five-Year Plan period should be fully integrated into and promote Chinese modernization. The main approaches include taking Xi Jinping Thought on Culture as the source,being driven by new quality productive forces,and moving forward in coordination with precision,cooperation,integration and excellence,so as to write a new chapter for Chinese modernization of public cultural services.

Digital literacy education is a new mission of university library education service in digital environment. By means of literature review,online survey and case interview,this article examines and analyzes the state,problems and roots of digital literacy education in 49 representative "double first-class" university libraries. Based on the trends and requirements of digital education in the context of Metaverse,the author proposes an "A-B-C-D-E" education model and strategies for digital literacy education in university libraries：to build a localized educational framework,the cooperative mechanism,and a hierarchy of education supply,to establish a convenient digital literacy education platform,to diversify digital literacy education forms,and to develop a team of professional digital librarian.

ICT intergenerational learning programs for the elderly can help them adapt to the digital society,improve their digital literacy and promote active aging. Clarifying the elements and implementation mechanism of the social support system can provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for relevant projects. Based on social support theory,and by means of literature review and online survey,this paper analyzes the current international practices of ICT intergenerational learning,focusing on support subject types,support content and learning mode. The social support subjects include formal organizations,informal organizations and individuals,mainly providing material,information and emotional supports. There emerge such learning patterns as thematic knowledge lectures,one-for-one digital assistance,parent-child learning exchanges,and online and offline integration. The projects highlight multi-agent participation,multi-dimensional support,multi-form development,and mutual teaching. Thus,a framework of social support system for ICT intergenerational learning is established,and the joint development strategies related to stakeholders are put forward,including：strengthening the role cognition and service consciousness of stakeholders,enhancing the cooperation between social supporting subjects,developing online and offline integrated services,optimizing spaces and infrastructure,and building up a professional guidance team.

Digital living of vulnerable groups,such as the elderly,has been an important issue in building an inclusive digital society,although there are few empirical research on the subject. Using the data from a survey comprising 593 elderly participants,this paper examines the effects that digital literacy,digital social participation and digital support have on older people’s sense of digital fulfillment. The study indicates that the general digital literacy of the elderly is relatively low,with physical access skill,information search skills,communication and cooperation skills,data security awareness,and digital content creativity ranked from highest to lowest;the elderly’s sense of gain at the macro-level (government empowerment,fairness and justice） is higher than that on a personal level (personal emotion,resource access） in the digital era;digital literacy has a positive impact on the elderly's sense of digital fulfillment;digital social participation plays an intermediary role between digital literacy and the sense of digital fulfillment;digital literacy can positively regulate the sense of digital fulfillment in the seniors with low digital literacy,and the participation of those with higher digital literacy. To avoid the dulled sense of gain and the erosion of relative deprivation,we should produce a digital development strategy with respect for the principal position of the elderly,and develop a trinity development plan involving individual,family and society.

This study attempts to establish a conceptual memory model (also an information framework) of Metahuman,namely the memory model of digital human,which consists of five overlapping parts,i.e.,“Individual Memory”,“Family Memory”,“Field Memory”,“Cultural Memory” and “Communication Memory”. Aiming to better highlight the social and cultural value of Metahuman,it provides references for cultural memory institutions to participate in the construction and long-term preservation of digital memory,and supports the humanities and social sciences research in the Metaverse. By examining the development status of Metahuman,analyzing the evolution of memory media,and looking forward to the functional and business transformation of memory institutions in the Metaverse,this paper explores the model’s role in building identity and value systems,and supporting service innovation in memory institutions,as well as its application scenarios in humanities and social sciences research in the Metaverse.

This paper expounds the progress of data privacy governance studies at home and abroad,so as to provide references for relevant theoretical research and practice in China. Using the method of content analysis,this paper analyzes the domestic and foreign researches on data privacy governance from four aspects：basic theory,governance norms,security governance,and governance system. Results show that topics of data privacy governance have been extensively explored worldwide,focusing on the basic theory and governance system,however,the existing researches are still immature on the whole. It is necessary to deepen the basic theory of data privacy governance,to build a policy system for data privacy governance,to develop its research methodology,and to encourage the participation of citizens in data privacy governance,thus promoting the studies of data privacy governance.

This study collected data from information behavior papers in five representative journals in the field of Library and Information Science from 2000 to 2020,aiming to understand research advances in information behavior and reveal research limitations. By means of content analysis,the sample literature including 212 studies published in the five journals from 2000 to 2020 are structurally encoded in terms of types of user information behavior,categories of research questions,research methods and imported theories. The authors argue that information behavior topics cover a series of logical sub-behaviors. Previous research mainly focused on the exploration of influencing factors and employed a questionnaire survey as the research method. It imported a wide range of theories,especially psychological theories. However,theoretical innovation in the field of information behaviors by library and information science scholars is insufficient. Besides,a certain diversity exists in the sub-behaviors and its imported theories.

The "collapsed context" of social media has a negative impact on user information behavior,but it is not known whether it contributes to social media fatigue. By dividing social media fatigue into four levels：cognition,control,emotion,and behavioral intention,this paper performs an empirical study to examine the relationship between collapsed context and social media fatigue. Results show that collapsed context has a significant impact on perceived social overload,perceived control and fatigue emotion. Collapsed context is indeed the cognitive,control and emotional reason for social media fatigue,but it is not the cause for the behavioral withdrawal. On the contrary,collapsed context can maintain user stickiness of social media and enhance users’ continuance intention. Thus,an interesting phenomenon arises：under the collapsed context of social media,users’ cognition,control,and emotion are inconsistent with their behavior intentions,which means there is a "division".

Documentary heritage reflects the collective memory and identity of a country and a nation,and has a far-reaching impact on the construction and dissemination of a country's image. However,the use and dissemination of documentary heritage has not been studied from the perspective of ontology construction. Therefore,based on the theories and technologies of documentary heritage,digital memory,ontology construction and natural language processing,this paper proposes the process of building an ontology model of documentary heritage by referring to and reusing CIDOC CRM,DC,Chinese Archives Classification and other domain ontology,taxonomy and thesaurus. Taking China's Documentary Heritage List as an example,it conducts an empirical study to verify the feasibility and rationality of the process of building the documentary heritage ontology,thus shedding light on the organization and presentation and the knowledge dissemination of documentary heritage.

In the spatial development fervor of the new era,creating smart spaces in libraries required detailed planning and step-by-step implementation,so as to keep in line with the development of the libraries. Based on the structural characteristics,the frameworks of library smart spaces are broken down into three categories：the bottom-level basic space,the middle-level intelligent system and the top-level artificial intelligence data center. The planning of library smart spaces could be implemented in three phases; and each phase emphasizes one of the three levels respectively,without neglecting the other two levels.